Recent changes:
| 30 April 2023 | folloqinf GORILA (vols. 4 & 5) I cite sign *315 as *315/RO; see Homepage, §9 (/LinearA/§9, "*315").
| 26 October 2022 | I propose that HT is SA-RA2 in the commentary to HT 94.
| 2 September to 26 October 2022 | correcting typographical and formatting errors; adding Montecchi 2010's classes/ series, and sets
| 1 September 2022 | Adding information about texts discovered since GORILA, as published in Del Freo & Zurbach 2011
| 6 August 2022 | Addition of INA Zb 1
| 16 June - 3 July 2022 | minor corrections
| 15 June 2022 | Corrections to the comments to HT 93.
| 24 March 2021 | Prompted
by a request from Nancy Thompson, I looked again at KN Wb 33. It now seems
likely that the two Linear inscriptions should be read as one: a)-b
retrograde): QA-KI-SE-NU[, which also appears on CR(?) Zf 1, and whose
pairs of syllabograms also appear on other documents.
| 18 March 2021 | Following Del Freo & Zurbach 2011, I have made some corrections to
various texts, especially KN Wa 40 or KN Wy 49 = now KN 40.
| 1 November 2020 | A
more detailed discussion of the findspots of the HT tablets at the top
of HTtexts.html, and an inclusion of the findspot at the citation of
each HT text.
| 2 January 2020 | To
HT Wc 3004 and 3005, a new interpretation by G. Nagy (2019, revising
1963, 1965) and comments by JGY.
| 8 September 2019 | Minor corrections to HT 33.1 (final [); HT 34.5 & .6 (MI+JA+RU,
SA+MU+KU); HT 38.3 (superfluous second TELA+KU removed); HT 42+59.1-2
(doubtful ]7); HT 108 (note to line 1 removed); HT
123+124b.3 (punctuation mark after *188 DU removed); KH 6.7 (303+D 1);
KH 94 (QA+[ ]+PU); and clarification to PH 7b (VINc). Addition to the
bibliography: Hallager, Vlasakis, & Markoulakis 1991. Thanks to Andrew
Krawiec for drawing my attention to these and to difficulties in HT 93.
These last have led JGY to reinterpret the text: see note to HT 93 and
rewritten sections of the homepage re KA and VIR+KA). Also minor rewrite
of the discussion of *301, Homepage section 10a, Transaction Signs.
| 21 April 2019 | Robert Hogan's "Linear A Explorer" added to the Homepage.
IO Za 10 corrected to IO Zb 10 (thanks to Brent Davis)
| 9 February 2019 | links to JGY photos added to MY Zf 2, PH 7, 8, 9, 12, 13; THE
tablets 4-6, Zb 1, Zb 2; and VRY Za 1
| 1 February 2019 | in
/LinAIdeograms/, the first ideogram for VIN, image corrected to *131a
(thanks to Toby Douglass).
| 3 January 2019 | All
QA2 changed to QA. I am grateful to Andrew Krawiec for the
following typographical errorss in HT 23, HT 30, HT 32, HT 34, HT 37, HT
40, HT 42+59, HT 45, HT 60, HT 62, HT 88, HT 97, HT 98, HT 111, and HT
119; and ARKH 1 and PH 3. The logogram #327 AES (bronze) should appear
on HT 97 and HT 119. Mr Krawiec also points out that HT 30.4 & .5 list 1
BOS not 4, a more appropriate number is this tablet lists commodities
for a small feast. And he calls heightened attention to the presence of
logogram *327 |  AES? (bronze) on HT 97 and
119.
19 December 2017 |
Brent Davis observed that HT 85b lists 11 NAMES while HT 85a lists a total of 66 VIR, which should be distributed in 11 sets of 6 VIR each. JGY
then attempted an analysis of HT 85 as listing allocations of workers from regions (side a) under the supervision of the people (side b).
| 4 December 2017 |
Provenence of KN Wa 40 corrected from South House to South-West House (thanks to Colin Macdonald!) | 1 March 2017 | All
(?) of the volumes of Études Crétoises are now
online
, including GORILA and CHIC (thanks to Theo Nash) | 26 December 2016 | at
the top of ABgrids.html and in the body of the lexicon, adding more
possible correspondences between Linear A and Linear B words (thanks to
Thomas Ogre and Gretchen Leonhardt). In the lexicon, correct NI-TI-NU
(KN Zc 6) to NI-JA-NU (thanks to Thomas Ogre) | 10 December 2016 | Correcting the typos on the Linear A homepage, section 13, from I-PI-NA-MI-NE to I-PI-NA-MI-NA (thanks to Thomas Ogre).
| 6 November 2016 | Correcting the lexicon: RO+RO does not appear on KH Wa 1001g: DA+RO appears instead {*501};
and deleting the citation of *501 on PYR Wc 4 (that logogram has not been assigned a number).
| 26 October 2016 | several items: 1) homepage, Melena's proposal that *34 represents /hai/ in Linear B; 2) homepage, s.v. *31 SA, reference to the appearance of SA-SA-ME on HT 23a.4-5 (thanks to Thomas Ogre); | 1 May 2016 | correction to SY Zb 7: addition of NI | 9 December 2015 | Lexicon: addition of the LinB parallel su-ku-re in KN As
40+5093, and, in the Bibliography, correction of a typographical error
in Owens 1996b | 26 October 2015 | correction to HT 122a.1 (combining ]RA-RI • U-DE-ZA into a
single header) | 5 October 2015 | Gournia tablet 2 and Wc 3 added | 8 June 2015 | 1.
the Linear A site is now "under construction"; 2. corrected HT Wc 3009 &
3010 and MO Zf 1 to read initial "*333-" instead of "ZU-".
| 16 March 2015 | 1.
Rewrote "ABgrids.html" to include Melena's proposed full grid for
Linear B (Melena 2014, 88-89 fig. 17.13). 2. announced on the Home Page that this entire Linear A site
will be completely restructured by 1 June 2015. | 22 January 2015 | HT 117.a5: switched order of TE-JA-RE and NA-DA-RE (thanks to Gretchen Leonhardt)
| 30 December 2014 | additions to the bibliography
| 30 November 2014 | on the homepage (s.v. "KA"), an expanded discussion of VIR+KA, abbreviated as KA, on HT 11 and other tablets and on nodules HT Wa 1322-1470 (thanks to the observation by Julio Fontan-Tejeiro that the noduels may correspond to HT 11b (Feb 2014)
| 26 November 2014 | corrected HM 28a.2-3 *612 to *622 and HM 33.3 *522 to *552
(thanks to Ben Newbound) | 24 October 2014 | corrected all GRA+PA (*577 or *547) to GRA+PA
(*574); *303+K (*637) on KH 7b.3 to *303+K (*627); and corrected GORILA
page reference to KH 42 (thanks to Ben Newbound) | 14 October 2014 | on the homepage, added a short paragraph about
opisthographic tablets | 14 October 2014 | corrected category Zc from "inked" to "painted"
(GORILA IV p. 117) and changed PO Zg to PO Zc (and on the homepage),
adding that it is the latest Linear A inscription, the 2nd latest being
KN Zb 40. | 2 October 2014 | corrected GORILA reference for TY 3 (thanks to Ben Newbound)
| 30 August 2014 | reference added to where KN 2 and KN 28 were found
| 2 June 2014 | Robert Eaglestone submits a reversed file of these
updates - many thanks! | 14 February 2014 | adding a section on "Word Separation" on the homepage, section 16.
| 15-18 January 2014 | adding
information on logograms and ligatures (homepage)
| 29 December 2013 | adding a
second reading of HT 140 that recognizes two logogram columns; in the
homepage, a more extensive entry for KA (in Vocabulary).
| 30 November 2013 | adding a
section "Layout" in the homepage in order to present the evidence of a
Minoan practice of splitting components of an expression across document
lines ("hyphenization").
| 21 October 2013 | correcting
CMS errors in the HT sealings (not all the atributions to CMS II 6 no. 11
were correct)
| 12 October 2013 | replacing
instances of *333 with ZU.
| 28 September 2013 | additional
notes to HT 28 and 88; HT 94a.3-5 fleshed out.
| 8 September 2013 | minor
correction to KN Zb 5 (no handles)
| 16 August 2013 | ZO Za 1 added
(plus addition of Muhly 1981 to the bibliography)
| 30 May 2013 | minor mistakes
corrected in the Lexicon -- thanks to observations by Dieter Rumpel
| 8 May 2013 | minor mistakes
corrected in the Lexicon; Reverse Lexicon added
| 23 March 2013 | new
information KH Wc roundels; TRO Zg 1 & 2 added
| 16 March 2013 | rearranged texts within
each site so that all texts of a certain class are together (e.g., all Za's are
together, then followed by Zb's, etc.), rather than have the texts arranged by
number (i.e., when they were inventoried)
| 2 February 2013 | added additional
pairings of exact or similar words in Linear A & B (cf. the homepage, #3, and the
lexikon | 20 December 2012 | added
bibliographical reference
on PYR Wc 4 | 18 November 2012 | corrected
reading interpretion of the logogram on PYR Wc 4 | 4 August 2012 | corrected
reading for ARKH Zc 8; ARKH Zb 10 deleted (once included, based on a
preliminary report; the text is actually ARKH Zc 8). | 26 May 2012 | suggested
reading for unknown sign in PYR Wc 4. | 21 May 2012 | added note about
the stone "inscriptions" at Knossos, presumed KN Ze 44 & 45
(misctexts.html, s.v. "Knossos") | 29 April 2012 | correction in
lexicon.html to the inscription on PO Zg 1, added *325 at end of
-A-SA-SA-RA-*325; and added citations to Hallager's reclassifying PH Wc
42, 45, and <47> to Wg 45, Wy 42, and Zb <47> | 14 April 2012 | added the
comparison of Linear B ku-pa-nu-we-to (KN As 1517.8)to
KU-PU3-NA-TU (name on HT 47a.1-2 and 119.3; cf.
KU-PA3-NU), thanks to Gretchen Leonhardt
| 24 March 2012 | corrections made
to the listing of various stone libation tables, following Davis 2011.
| 13 February 2012 | correction
for VRY Za 1: museum & inventory no.
| 10 January
2012 | in ABgrids.html, the addition of a
mPn series for: |  56??
(mPA3),
 22??
(mPI2),
 29??
(mPU2) (Duhoux 1984, Janda 1986,
Melena 1987)
10 January
2012 | PE Zb 7,
photo of pithos inscription after complete restoration, thanks to Kim
Raymoure
| 24 November
2011 | revision of the introduction's chronology
| 19 November
2011 | CR(?) Zf 1 & Kn Zf 31: reverse decoration noted
| 14 May
2011 | addition of a discussion of weights in Intro
section 15. Metrology, and addition of 2 items in biblio.html: Evans 1906
& Parise 1967. Slight correction and note added to KN Zb <27>. | 20 March
2011 | correction to SAM We 4
| 14 January
2011 | correction to IO Za 2 in religioustexts.html --
thanks to Evelina Teneva
| 28 December
2010 | rewritten note on the homepage concerning *34
and a new note for *325
| 19 December
2010 | change all references from CYP to *303, a grain
| 29 November
2010 | correction to HT 26a.1 and b.1: 406VAS+KE, not
407VAS+A | 25 November
2010 | new inscriptions added: PE Zg 6, PE Zb 7, PE Zb
8; and slightly improved (?) readings for KH 97-99
| 13 November
2010 | continued corrections to PH(?) 31 and improved
readings, using suggestions made by Julio Fontán-Tejeiro.
| 9 November
2010 | discussion of the "continuity" principle on
the homepage, and its application to PH(?) 31a.3 and b.4 (discussion of
signgroup SUS+SI+RE as possibly SI+AU+RE), with subsequent
correction to the reading of HT 27b
| 24 October
2010 | suggestions that *34 = MNA, *66 (TA2) = TNA;
and subsequent links in the lexicon
| 9 October
2010 | correction to HT 21 -- it listed side.line a.1
etc., implying a side b -- nothing is written on the reverse of HT 21.
| 25 August
2010 | correction to HT 34 (no SA-VINa), HT 23 & 24
(SI+ME), 26b.3 & 127b.5,6 KI+MU (not KU+MU)
| 13 August
2010 | slight correction to KE Zb 5 (ligature
*595 is slightly more complicated).
| 12 August
2010 | notes added to KO Za 1 and SY Za 2, pointing
out the resemblance between signs RE & OLIV on the two documents,
respectively (thanks to Brent Davis), and correcting some doubtful
signs in these two inscriptions in the lexicon | 25 July
2010 | added PK Zb? RE B, which supports the value of
B = 1/3, and added Hood 1964 to biblio.html
| 5 July
2010 | small corrections to LaMarleAartun.html
| 2 July
2010 | adding MY Zf 2, the first appearnance of AB 43,
AI; suggesting A *306 is the peculiarly Linear A version of 43, AI
| 30 June
2010 | adding a critique of Kjell Aartun's
decipherment of Linear A to the page on La
Marle | 21 June
2010 | added bibliography and
notes to the Petras section
| 1 May
2010 | added notes to ZA Zg 35, and
MI+JA-RU in the lexicon | 28 April
2010 | corrected readings of HT 8, 23, 36, 49, and
alternative readings for PK Zb 19. HT 34.7 may support the
identification of fraction F as 1/8 (see note). The ligatured logogram
*529 SE+SI (*41+*09) may just as equally be SI+SE (GORILA identifies the
components of complex signs by putting first the sign that appears most
frequently in complex signs, in this case SE); if SI-SE, then cf.
A-SI-SE-NA, SI-SE-TA. | 17 April
2010 | corrected reading of KH Wa 1001, 1002.
Corrected text in the discussion of the Libation Formula on the homepage
(I-PI-NA-MI-NA has nothing to do with being a verb). Discussion on rations
in HT 88 and 89.
| 11 April
2010 | slight corrections to HT 9, 15, 24, 44, 104,
115, 124; and ZA 6. And corresponding corrections to the lexicon.
| 1 April
2010 | correct MA 10c, d
| 18 March
2010 | correct HT 115a.1-2 and lexicon.html:
RI-TA-MA-NU-WI, not RI-SU-MA- (a.6: in erasure) | 16 March
2010 | correct lexicon.html: RA-KA (omit KE Zb 5)
| 15 March 2010 | new comments for HT 28, 32, 34, 85, 90, 94, 100, 101, 114, 117,
119, 125, and 128; some of these comments note how people are counted in
sets of
6 individuals, how some numbers cluster around the unit 10, and how small
numbers may imply disbursements while large, round number may imply
assessments or contributions. | 6 March 2010 | correct HT 126b
| 20 February 2010 | rewrite of the commentary to HT 123+125.
| 8 February 2010 | rewrite of the entry on KA-PA on the homepage; addition of Palmer
(Ruth) 2004 in the Bibliography
| 26 December 2009 | addition of maps and plans where Linear A has been found in Crete,
Greece, and at HT
| 19 December 2009 | addition of texts in Raison-Pope 1994 but not in GORILA
| 16 December 2009 | a re-write of the homepage, information from
Schoep 2002 included
| 10 December 2009 | a re-write of the homepage, before adding more information from
Schoep 2002; overhaul of the section on fractions (with commentary to HT
123 & KH 7); minor additions to individual documents | 5 December 2009 | adding more information from Schoep 2002 on individual documents
(esp. HT 123+124)
in HTtexts.html (esp. the introduction) and
misctexts.html
| 21 November 2009 | adding Schoep 2002, format types
| 17 November 2009 | adding possible parallels in Linear B to words in the lexicon,
based on Schoep 2002, 155 table 3.22
| 16 October 2009 | suggested alternative reading for HT 36a.2
| 27 September 2009 | correction in HT 24a.2, 3, 4: *561 (MA+RU ME)
| 20 August 2009 | new interpretation of HT 8 and of logogram PA and
PA3) by Brent Davis (with slight modificatin by JGY);
consequent new notes to HT 34.6 and 103.2; minor corrections to HT 9, HT
26b.4, ZA
12 | 15 August 2009 |
critique of the "decipherment" of Linear A by Hubert
La Marle
| 17 July 2009 | Monti
2008 added to bibliography; note to HT 31.3 added. | 7 June 2009 | Thanks
to Anna Michailidou: new information about the weight of SI Zg 1
| 4 June 2009 | Thanks to Brent Davis: new
information about the weights of HT Zg 163, KN Zg <21>, MO Zf 1, and SI Zg
1 | 15 May
2009 | I read *315 ONLY on KH 82.3; all former
readings of SA-*315 (HT 9a.1, 17.2, 19.2, 42.2) are to be correct to
SA-RO; sign *315 on HT 49a.4 cannot be verified. | 3 May
2009 | minor corrections here and there; better
reading suggested for ARKH 2.3-4; further notes on, and probably better
readings of, HT Zd 155-157. | 27-29 Apr
2009 | attention paid to lay-out and shape of tablets,
information added to almost all tablet documents; improved readings for HT
97b, ARKH 2, MI 2, ZA 27 | 25 Apr 2009 | some major changes and some
attention paid to lay-out on HT 8, 9, 11, 12, 24, 25, 28, 41, 43, 44, 45,
49, 50, 56, 85, 94, 97, 99, 101, 106, 108, 116 (a new lay-out), 117, 118,
126, 127, 130, 131, 140, 154B | 25 Apr
2009 | minor changes to HT 91-93, 98, 100, 109, 111,
120, We/Wc 3020; ARKH 1, 2; KE 1; KH 1-5, 7-10, 12-15, 17, 21, 26, 31, 35,
38, 47, 51, 58, 60, 64, 66, 76, 82, 92, 97; and a new reading for KH 83.2
(thanks to Julio Fontán-Tejeiro). | 5 Apr 2009 | minor changes to HT 13, 21, 22, 30, 35, 45, 60, 86 (thanks to
Julio Fontán-Tejeiro). | 14 Mar 2009 | major: addition of
the fraction D (1/5) to the known or surmisable fractions; see comments to
HT 115, KH 85, ZA 8; minor corrections to HT 104, HT 108, KH 11, KH 16, KH
34, KH Wc 2067, KH Wc 2068, KH Wc 2104, and KH Wc 2105 (thanks to D.
Rumple). | 6 Mar 2009 | uploaded a PDF of
the Syme inscriptions, added Syme vocabulary to the Lexicon | 2 Mar 2009 | corrections to PH
9, 13-15, 17 (thanks to the prodding of D. Rumpel) | 17 Feb 2009 | corrections to SY Za 1-3 and the
additions of the new texts SY Za 4-6, Zb 7, Za 8-12 | 17 Jan 2009 | minor corrections
to HT 67a.3; HT 96a.1-2, a.5; and PK Za 15 | 7 Jan 2009 | notes to HT 88.2, KN Za 19, ZA
21a.7: |  )-MI-NA might represent the 2nd occurrence
of a word writing out an ideogram, in this case *118 25 Dec 2008 | minor cleanups,
especially of fractions (in the introduction, and here and there); text
added to the weights SI Zg 1 and HT Zg 163. | 24 Dec 2008 | added the Lexicon; added DU-PU2-RE
("master/lord") to Vocabulary (Introduction);) more information in Grammar
& Libation Formula sections of the Introduction; corrected readings to KN
Zc 6 & 7, PK Za 11; Valério 2007 added to Bibliography | 15 Sep
2008 | corrected fractions in PE 2; added comments to
MA 10, re: b.1: *405VAS+Ω = Hiero *304 fraction = 1/2 | 7 Sep 2008 | new Hiero fonts for
MAC OS X, courtesy of Jean-Pierre Olivier, are now downloadable from the
Linear A homepage | 26 July 2008 | PK Zb 25? is now PK Zb ?; added the real PK Zb 25; added Bennett
1999 to biblio.html; added new section on fractions | 1 June
2008 | improved reading for PK Zb 21 by Brent
Davis | 11 April 2008 | cleaned HT Wa series | 22
March 2008 | adding new inscriptions from Khania (KH
97-99, KH Wc 2123, KH Zb 1) from Andreadi-Vlasaki & Hallager
2007 | 15 March 2008 | adding scribal attributions
from GORILA V: 83-104, Militello 1989 | 14 January 2008 | updating the bibliography to 2007 | 30 December 2007 | creating this file (it was taking up too much room in the
homepage) | 29 December 2007 | reworking the commentary to
HT 31 | 12-13 December 2007 | more information on Ideograms/Logograms | 25 November 2007 | note comparing KA-DI on ZA
4 and 15 | 24 November 2007 | recording a comparison
(s.v. HT 94) between HT 94 and HT Wc 3017 | 19 November 2007 | minor corrections; spelling
out logograms *531, *539, *546, *558-*563 | 18 September 2007 | Photo and
additional information added to SI Zg 1. | 26 August 2007 | minor
corrections to the AB grids (many thanks: Ugur Murat Leloglu) | 13 August 2007 | many small corrections (many thanks: Peggy Duly) | 21 May 2007 | rearrange HT Zd 155-157 according to information submitted by P.
Militelli in Nov 2006 [sorry!]; revise slightly the Chronology section,
this file | 18 May 2007 | clean up Introduction; ZA 15a.7, restored; A *363 = SO (thanks to
M. Valério; also see Hiero #039 and parallel document LinA HT 9); A
*314 = PU3 (BU, according to Owens 1999 & Facchetti
1999) | 3 April
2007 | notes on the vase-ideograms of HT 31, 39; MA
10; PH 8; reorganization of Kythera with more information; possible
identification of *123 as similar to Linear B AROM (HT 9, 15, 39, 96; KH
53; ZA 20) | 21 March 2007 | new
files on Cretan Hieroglyphic; slight change in
accessing the AB grids (see below); addition of Hiero grid (see below);
slight changes to HT 128 and ZA 6; long section on "A-DU" (compare
A-DE in Hieroglyphic) | 18 January
2007 | click-on images added to PL Zf1 and PO Zg
1 | 10 September 2006 | added Linear A Ideograms: a folder giving the common,
identified ideograms and their signs, and copies of GORILA's sign charts
and palaeographic sign charts | 15 August 2006 | corrected KO Za 1.b-c (RE is not to be doubted) | 3 August 2006 | words appearing in both Linear
A and B | 11 May 2006 | at the prompting of Miguel
Valério: a new reading for PK Za 8 | 16 March 2006 | to "Verbs" a new entry, A-KA-NU-ZA-TI | 27 Nov 2005 | addition of the Linear A & B
grids | 24 August 2005 | SKO Zc 1
added | 27 July 2005 | TY 3b.1: is KI-RI-SI the verbal (singular) of KI-RO? | 22 July 2005 | long
explanation of why DD is not a fraction but the "Double Mina"; D should
therefore be the single mina, not a fraction, and KU is its phonetic
abbreviation | 21 July 2005 | slight changes
to Kea and Melos; Milet to Miletos; complete rewrite of Thera | 24
June 2004 | PK 1.6: PU2-MI to NI-MI | 7 Jan 2004 | note to KN 22b; PK ZB | |
Comments, corrections, questions: John Younger (jyounger@ku.edu)